Cover Image: December 2011 Scientific American Magazine See Inside

DNA Experts and Forensic Genealogists Team Up to Solve Alaskan Mystery [Preview]

New fingerprint- and DNA-identification techniques solve a mystery from a 60-year-old plane crash















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TRAGEDY: It took nine years to identify the arm recovered from the wreckage of Northwest Flight 4422. No one knows what caused the crash. The plane was off course before it slammed into the mountain. Image: Lines History Department (airplane); Courtesy of Kevin A. McGregor, © 1999 (man with camera); Courtesy of Roy Wittock (arm); Alaska State Troopers/AP Photo (van Zandt); Courtesy of Mike Grimm, Jr. (fingerprint)

In Brief

  • More than 50 years after the 1948 crash of a Northwest Airlines plane killed all onboard, a desiccated arm and hand were retrieved from the scene.
  • Initial fingerprint examination and DNA analysis of the arm and hand were unable to determine the identity of the remains.
  • Researchers finally identified the remains after developing new techniques that may one day be used for disaster victims and unknown soldiers.

On March 12, 1948, at 9:14 p.m. Pacific Standard Time, Northwest Airlines Flight 4422 crashed into Mount Sanford, a peak in the remote Wrangell Mountains in eastern Alaska. All 24 passengers—merchant mariners returning to the U.S. from Shanghai, China—along with six Northwest crew members, probably died on impact. The debris, too difficult to reach, was quickly covered by snow and eventually entombed by ice.

There it remained until 1999, despite many failed efforts to find it. In that year Kevin McGregor and Marc Millican, two former U.S. Air Force pilots who like to solve forgotten aviation mysteries, having determined that the glacier containing the plane was retreating, gained permission from the National Park Service to recover parts of the wreckage if they could find it. After an arduous climb, they discovered scattered debris, along with a desiccated left arm and attached hand in the ice. As McGregor explains, “That changed the entire project. We became compelled to find out to whom the arm and hand belonged.”


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