RACE TO THE BOTTOM: Physicists are in hot pursuit of the hypothesized Higgs boson, which gives other elementary particles mass, using instruments such as the CDF detector at Fermilab.
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The Higgs particle, the last piece of the Standard Model of particle physics menagerie that has yet to be observed, is running out of places to hide—if, that is, it exists at all. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Ill., today narrowed the range of mass where the Higgs might be found.
The Higgs boson, named for British physicist Peter Higgs, is believed to give other elementary particles, such as the heavy W and Z bosons, their mass, so finding it or proving it does not exist would have major implications in ground-up interpretations of how the world works.
"This is a very interesting time in particle physics, because we have this Standard Model, which explains everything we've observed and everything we know about for the last 30 years with no significant deviations. And, yet, we know that the Standard Model can't be the whole story of nature," says John S. Conway, a physicist at the University of California, Davis, and a member of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) collaboration, one of two teams involved in the new mass-range results. Many of the lingering questions in physics could be answered or at least clarified when the model's missing piece is located. "Whatever we discover," Conway adds, "it's going to be astounding."
Previous collider experiments had placed a lower bound of 114 giga-electron volts (GeV), a measure that can be used for particle mass, on the Higgs, and theoretical calculations require it to be less than 185 GeV. The new Fermilab results, from its Tevatron collider, rule out a Higgs mass between 160 and 170 GeV. (All of these constraints are at the 95 percent confidence level, according to Fermilab.)
Collider experiments such as those at the Tevatron smash particles together at extremely high energies and observe what is produced, including some exotic but short-lived particles. "We look for the signature of things we know are there and things we think might be there, like the Higgs," says physicist Craig Blocker of Brandeis University in Waltham, Mass., also a member of the CDF team. "If the Higgs had a mass in this fairly narrow range" of 160 to 170 GeV, he says, "we should have seen it, we had a good chance to see it."
Conway says the extension of the excluded Higgs masses at Fermilab is "a really exciting development." All the same, he thinks the Higgs, if it is to be found, will be first seen at the more powerful Large Hadron Collider (LHC) near Geneva, Switzerland, which is slated to come back online later this year after an aborted start-up last September. (Both Conway and Blocker are also working on physics projects at the LHC.) "It is a bit of a race" to find the Higgs, Conway says, "but if I had to bet money, I would bet on the LHC."
There are some scenarios, however, in which Fermilab—enjoying its continuing status as particle physics top dog while the LHC is sidelined—might win that race. If the Higgs happened to have a mass around 150 GeV, which Conway believes is unlikely—evidence points to a lighter particle in the neighborhood of 120 GeV, he says—the Tevatron could find it relatively soon. Alternately, with more time to gather data, the Tevatron could close in even tighter on the Higgs by inching its lower mass bound upward.
But what if the entire mass window were exhausted—if experiments showed that the Higgs, or something like it, didn't exist at all? "That would basically mean we have a very deep and fundamental lack of understanding of what is going on in the Standard Model," Blocker says. "If there's not something like the Higgs or something similar giving masses to the W and Z, we have no clue as to how that's happening."
See what we're tweeting about
43 Comments
Add CommentTo misquote Nietzsche:
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisThe Higgs Boson does not exist. God killed it. :-)
Check out John Conway in the first part of my documentary "On the Head of a Pin" at http://www.youtube.com/scriptdolphin/.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisIf no Higgs is found, does this give more credence to a string type hypothesis?
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisperhaps the "GOD-particle" is similar to "dark matter"; each may be a "dark saying" (LOGOS) of YHWH by whose WORD (directed vibrations) all things consist.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thishttp://www.youtube.com/scriptdolphin/; does not even exist. Jerk!
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisI had no problem finding the video... maybe try doing a search on You Tube. I just copy/pasted the url and got it.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisI will admit that I have no formal training and very little background in physics, but I will bet that the Higgs-Boson does not exist. Just call it a hunch.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisBut don't take my word for it. If the theorists assure that it does exist, I'd say listen to them. I will openly admit that when it comes to this, I have no clue what I'm babbling about (If only more people were willing to admit this...)
I asked God about this Higgs Boson thing. He said not to worry about it. He continued to tell me "In fact, I don't really exist". So God told me He doesn't exist. Who am I to doubt God? [reply to mlf186000@hotmail.com]
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisString Theory and M-Theory are both not scientific in any way! Neither has any backup for any type of existence, can't use them to create experiments that others can use to repeat findings of experiments. I for one am very tired of reading in scientific journals - all I read are scientists playing mind games while having no real “toys”.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisSince they are just making things up as they go along, I nominate Barney as God and all powers emanate from his existence. This theory cannot be confirmed, but it’s a lot of fun playing with something that has real physical properties even though what people need to remember, Barney has no real physical existence, it’s only a costume – his essence is beyond measures we humans can think of. Even when we “kill” Barney, its essence becomes its true self and cannot be found until it desires to return to our pathetic physical existence.
MLF, CPA
Hans L, I'm guessing you included the /; at the end of the link- don't do that and you'll get to the site.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisIf we all thought that imagination was mind games we would all still be in the dark ages. Good thing scientists have at least a guided imagination based on mathematics and not BARNEY!!!!
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisOh - dinn't expect this. Looks like God has 'fried'.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisExists? - certainly not.
I have a question for the physicists. If we were to assign the universe, as a whole, a direction velocity (I don't mean expansion), wouldn't that impart mass to seemingly mass less particles? Having mass, wouldn't that then account for gravity, without the use of fantastical particles?
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisI realize, that this creates a problem, as to what it is the universe is moving through, but wouldn't angular velocity (spin), somewhat simplify this? It seems this might also eliminate the need for dark matter and energies? It also, better describes observation, in so much as, all particles such as alpha, beta, positron, neutron, are "born" with extremely high velocity, in the natural universe. Why should the universe be expected to be any different?
I realize, due to the simplicity, of this posit, it is probably wrong, but I don't understand why?
An explanation from any physicist out there, would be greatly appreciated, as this has been nagging at me for some time. THX, GK
There is a problem with the spinning idea. If we were to take an object and spin it you would end up with centripetal force would cause everything to go the the edge of the universe.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisMy personal Idea is that we are not summing up the gravity of items correctly. now I am not physicist but that is my idea. If you have any problems let me know.
There is no Higgs boson. The particles exist relative to a photon background, from which occasionally electron-positron pairs are spontaneously generated, among other more or less exotics particles. What ascribes the particles their mass is their continued presence, which is far from static. Mass is a function of velocity.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisHere is evidence that the speed of light barrier itself, provides the drag that gives energy its relative and rest mass. Now whether that light barrier is caused by a Higgs boson, aether, or background dark energy, I dont know, but they may all be one and the same.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisEvidence from Scientific American, July: 2005; The Mysteries of Mass, page 43, by Gordon Kane.
does suggest that both Higgs fields and Electromagnetic field, impart mass upon particles equivalently, and may in fact themselves be equivalent.
see
http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=dsn5q6f_107jx6qsgdg
http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=dsn5q6f_102hm2wwrhf
Conrad Countess
is it just me or can anyone of you find a valid comment on this artical
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisWith Fermi Lab closing on the elusive Higgs Boson, LHC could be rendered redundant. The multi-billion dollar giant LHC has been lying dormant for months, draining away much of the research fund that might have been better channeled to other worthy causes. Does anyone know exactly how much is being spent on maintenance and repair?
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisIf it is the race to find the Higgs, I may as well bet on Fermi.
(Tan Boon Tee)
Let's cut the ****
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisThe Higgs Boson was an artifact invented to correct a deficiency of the electro weak theory.
For those that view things properly, it's existence is 'the weak joke'. As we know, not all people like 'weak jokes'.
In my opinion a good joke is a 'strong joke' - I would suggest 'strangelets' for those that believe in the Chaos cause. 'Lets give everyone schitzophrenia again'.
W.J.Winkworth MIET
I liken the temporary (very temporary) mass surpluses of the mediating W and Z particles to the behaviour of an old fashioned golf ball with its thin skin removed, exposing its tightly wound elastic band which is wrapped around a cork center. If you toss the ball behind a warm radiator the elastic band will at times spontaneously and violently unravel and bounce around, but only partially, and at random intervals. The W and Z particles demonstrate that the photon background somehow interacts with the energy of the original transmutating particle, temporarily exciting the mediating particles W and Z and thereby giving them more energy, and therefore mass, than that of the particle which gave rise to them, but the mass numbers of the resulting product particles show no increase or decrease over that of the original, in keeping with the threshold limitations imposed by quantum reality, which places practical restrictions on what manifestations are possible in the realm of quantum mechanics. The extra mass, or rather energies, might be what are required to effect the transition into the end particles. Nothing comes for free, whether in the quantum world or in our macro world.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisThis interpretation precludes the "existence of another particle which bestows mass on W and Z". At some point we have to draw the line and declare that there are no more particles underlying material reality beyond the quarks and leptons. We should satisfy ourselves with the explanation of a photon background, as demonstrated by those lepton pairs spontaneously generated therefrom. They show that the energy of which this background is comprised readily interacts with reality.
You seem to be on to something bushwhacker. It does seem that everyone is talking about what their believe are so I will try to make a valid comment.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisThis is a food for thought. We have tried so hard to understand the universe, yet she still keeps things up her skirt. But maybe we never were to understand the universe. If god were to exist he would probably be die of laughter where ever he goes.
Geometrical interpretation of (E=mc^squared) = (E=mc^circled) reveals origin of rest mass
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisI agree with baudrunner about the background photon field, and that mass is the result of velocity, I also agree with G. Karst that we can assign the universe a basic velocity which I think is c = h and energy in circular motion as a main component because c^2 in equation E=mc^2 when looked at geometrically is essentially energy in circular and or spherical motion
First of all, if we start with a background dark energy field, which we may very well call a photon field, and assign it a field strength of h and speed of c, we can say that since mass and energy are equivalent, the mass of the universe comes from the background energy field, call it a photon, Higgs or aether field, it doesnt matter to me ,
We can further say that it is the motion of this field manifest in waves, that gives it extra mass/energy =hf/c^2, and that rest mass occurs when E/M = hf = mc^2 which is energy in circular and or spherical rotation.
The speed of light squared or (c^2), geometrically is c in the linear direction times c in the 90 degree angular direction, which is analogous to (a line of 1 inch in the linear direction times a line of 1 inch in the 90 degree or vertical direction to create a square inch). But it is also analogous to a centrifugal force being balanced by a centripetal force at a 90 degree angle to it to create circular motion. Matter or rest mass is created from energy in circular and or spherical motion and c^2 is where this transformation of energy to matter takes place. E=mc^2 or energy equals rest mass at the mathematical conversion factor of (c^2) precisely because (c^2) is not just a mathematical conversion factor of energy to matter, but is an actual conversion frequency at high end of EM spectrum, where energy turns to matter. This is because at this frequency/wavelength, energy takes on a circular and or spherical form.
Just as the article I mentioned stated that the Higgs field imparts mass as the strength of the field x the strength of the particles interaction, which I noted is equivalent to saying E/M = hf/c^2 , which is mass/ energy of EM waves, equal the strength of the constant h x the frequency we can extend this to say that the higher the frequency, the higher the mass, energy, momentum, and at a critical frequency where the linear and 90 degree speed and momentum are balances, this is c^2 and rest mass is created.
If somebody actually finds the Higgs, Microsoft will claim the invention and patent it!
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisYou've been warned.
I am not an expert, but there is something fishy about trying to find a particle that is responsible for the attribute of mass by using mass to find that particle. If I go back to magnetism and electricity, the one phenomenom leads to the other, so I guess I should be wondering what other thing would be leading to mass?
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisAs I understand the mission behind the HLC, Tevatron, and search for Higgs, it is to find the origin of mass and in particular rest mass . But what is the purpose behind these discussion groups that include the public? Is it to just to up public interest in the Sci Am magazines and website, to up public support for these large expensive experiments? Because in these hard economic times the purpose should also be to harness the brain power of the public who are interested in and have thought about these subjects. And also to discover the endless natural talent out there that can be networked together to solve some of theses most difficult problems. But also credit must be given where credit is due not steal ideas like is suggested in above post by Quinn the Eskimo which is a legit concern. This would really up interest in these discussions to know that scientist are looking at these discussions with an open, objective mind, and that the revolutionary ideas will be acknowledged.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisAs for the origin of rest mass, if logical and mathematical proof is as important as experiment in the search from the origin of rest mass, the geometrical interpretation of (E=mc^2) = (E=mc^circled) is the simplest most inexpensive proof. It also demonstrates that the public may sometimes help to solve problems that the most experienced scientist studying for the longest time with the most expensive equipment cannot.
1) Planck discovered E=hf for photons
2) Einstein discovered E=mc^2 for electrons/matter
3) deBroglie discovered (E=hf) = (E=mc^2) fro electron and that electron was also a wave.
4) Bohr discovered that the wavelength of electron is equal to circumference of circle with angular momentum of a multiple integer of h/2pi
(E=mc^2)=(E=mc^circled) and c=(square root of -1)
see: http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=dsn5q6f_101hgtjv9fb
This all intrigues me. I too have no background in this but I find it so interesting. Everything is possible in particle physics. It's much like the belief system. If you believe in something, it's there in your eyes, if you do not, it's not there for anybody in your eyes, hence the name, God-Particle.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisAnother way is that who would discover something so infinitesimally small and why. Atoms are small enough to some but to find out the ingredients of the electrons would be so exciting. I have more ideas for energy and probably more. I'll browse around this site and see if I can contribute in some way. Thank you sciam.com for the opportunity.
Hans L, stop being rude - this is not a politics blog.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisHans L, using the word "jerk" on this forum is self-referential. This is not a politics blog.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisLatest evidence on geometrical structure of electron from site: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofp-OHIq6Wo&feature=related
entitled: Scientists in Sweden film moving electron for the first time.
It resembles an elongated standing spherical wave, rotating about two axis, providing experimental physical evidence to collaborate the geometrical interpretation of (E=mc^2) = (E=mc^circled) which evidentially leads to, as you can see on my site, a backward spinning, standing spherical wave, making 2 rotations in order to complete 1 wave cycle, as opposed to a point particle or probability wave.
Clarification
1) Planck discovered E=hf for photons
2) Einstein discovered E=mc^2 for electrons/matter
3) deBroglie discovered (E=hf) = (E=mc^2) fro electron and that electron was also a wave.
4) Bohr discovered that the wavelength of electron is equal to circumference of circle with angular momentum of a multiple integer of h/2pi
As logical extension of the above and with all the other extensive evidence, one can see that
(E=mc^2)=(E=mc^circled) and c=(square root of -1)
�An Imaginary Tale: The Story of the Square Root of -1
by Paul J. Nahin
page 53 paragraph� 2:�
square root of -1 is directed line segment of length 1 pointing straight up along the vertical� axis
or at long last, [i = square root of -1 = 1 90 degree angle]
This is so important a statement that it is the only mathematical expression in the entire book that I have enclosed
page 54 paragraph 2:
multiplying be square root of -1 is geometrically, simply a rotation by 90 degrees in the counterclockwise sense
Because of this property square root of -1 is often said to be rotator operator, in addition to being an imaginary number.
page 104 paragraph 2:
In a revealing article criticizing Einstein's and Minkowski's, c = (square root of -1) , a national bureau of Standards physicist admitted that
Square root of -1 has a legitimate application in pure mathematic, where it forms a part of various ingenious devices for handling otherwise intractable situations
If c^2 or (c in both linear direction, and pointing straight up in 90 degree angular direction), creates 90 degree counter clockwise rotation or arc, and if this is also what creates a backward spinning, standing spherical wave, such as electron of -1 charge, than, c = (square root of -1 ) or more accurately, [i = square root of -1 = c 90 degree angle], and Einstein's and Minkowski's, ct x (square root of -1 ) or c x (square root of -1 ) =� energy in circular and /or spherical rotation with rest mass and also = (E=mc2).
I hear what you are saying, but there is no constraint on the edge, of the universe. It would be more like the spinning galaxies. Outward moving edges could appear to us (the observer), as a expanding universe. This I believe, may therefore eliminate the need for dark matter and energy to account for expansion. Just a nagging posit. GK
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisThe purpose of these comment areas is simple: their to give cranks a place to vent, which means they won't send tiresome letters to the editor, as they did in the old days. Letters to the editor have to be opened and acknowledged and so on, which is a lot of trouble, whereas comments on the website can safely be ignored without readers taking offence.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisSjones and all interested parties
There are plenty of talented people in the public that can add a great deal to this knowledge base and perhaps even solve some of the long standing problems of physics.
Foolish intellectual pride and competition prevent some from seeing this as they are more interested in getting credit for who is right than what is right. In these very troubled times we cannot afford this to inhibit the flow of information. so sites like this one offer answers to some of the most troublesome questions to those who can look at it scientifically and objectively instead of bases on blind faith in title or degree, which has not produced all the answers.
As evidence that I am correct I present again to the readers, scientist and lay people alike:
1) Planck discovered E=hf for photons
2) Einstein discovered E=mc^2 for electrons/matter
3) deBroglie discovered (E=hf) = (E=mc^2) for electron and that electron was also a wave.
4) Bohr discovered that the wavelength of electron is equal to circumference of circle with angular momentum of a multiple integer of h/2pi
As logical extension of the above and with all the other extensive evidence
5) I have concluded that (E=mc^2)=(E=mc^circled), (c= square root of -1) and Einstein and Minkowski's (c x square root of -1) and/or (ct x square root of -1) = (E =mc^2)
There is no way around it and I challenge anyone, scientist or lay persons to disprove it.
I also would like to issue a challenge to Sciam.com to disprove or acknowledge it. Forums like this one should have a responsibility to acknowledge truth wherever they find it. But whether they do or not remains to be seen
In above post where it states :�An Imaginary Tale: The Story of the Square Root of -1
by Paul J. Nahin
In a revealing article criticizing Einstein's and Minkowski's, c = (square root of -1) , a national bureau of Standards physicist admitted that Square root of -1 has a legitimate application in pure mathematic, where it forms a part of various ingenious devices for handling otherwise intractable situations
It should state In a revealing article criticizing Einstein's and Minkowski's, (c X square root of -1) not (c = square root of -1) (c= square root of -1) is my idea, along with (E=mc^2) = (E=mc^circled) and (c x square root of -1)as well as (ct X square root of -1) = (E=mc^2)
The world is watching
Most scientist when ask what does E=mc^2 means will say that a lot of energy is trapped inside of matter and that they are equal related through mathematical conversion factor of c^2..See; http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/expe-text.html
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisMy geometrical interpretation of E=mc^2 show exactly how energy gets trapped inside of matter and how they are equal through mathematical conversion factor, which is revealed to be an actual conversion frequency/wavelength, of c^2, because at c^2 energy takes on a circular and or spherical rotation and rest mass, This reveals the origin of rest mass as high frequency electromagnetic waves.
Is the atom accelerator flammable?
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisIs the Atom Accelerator flammable? Can it still work much smaller in scale as apposed to the Tevatron?
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisI believe that other thing would be gravity.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisYou worry whether the Higgs will be discovered at the Tevatron or at the LHC? Just bet on the discovery at all! I'll offer $100 monthly to the most
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thiscourageous bets.
www.Bet-On-The-Higgs.com
You worry whether the Higgs will be discovered at the Tevatron or at the LHC? Just bet on the discovery at all! I'm offering $100 every month to the most courageous bets.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thiswww.Bet-On-The-Higgs.com
What is God Particle? According my fresh thought:
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this1. It is a naked singularity of mass or the smallest black hole in the Universe;
2. It has huge naked mass, gravitation and inertia;
3. It is not a material particle;
4. It is not in the Standard Model of elementary particles;
5. It is an Ultimate Particle, cannot be decay;
6. Its Mass cannot be converted into energy;
7. The lowest limit of its mass is about 10.9�g, and the upper limit is about 0.67*106kg, that means that its mass may be exceeded one kilogram!
8. Estimated mass of Higgs Particle is about 16 orders of magnitude smaller than lower limit of Mass of God Particle at least. So the mass of God Particle is substantially undervalued by mainstream physics
9. So Higgs particle is not God particle;
10. And so I believe that to find the God particle with LHC is an impossible mission, LHC efforts will be ended in failure, it is destined. I think that to find God Particle with colliders (such as LHC) is an extremely extravagant wrong way.
How to find God Particle?
Based on my bran-new thread, I design several kinds of very simple and very cheap physical experimental methods to find the God particle, to make a small black hole and to create new unknown stable material particles without using any accelerator or collider such as LHC.
Maybe to find God Particle is not a hard mission for me?
Revolution in Physics will soon arrival, believe me.
What is God Particle? According my fresh thought:
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this1. It is a naked singularity of mass or the smallest black hole in the Universe;
2. It has huge naked mass, gravitation and inertia;
3. It is not a material particle;
4. It is not in the Standard Model of elementary particles;
5. It is an Ultimate Particle, cannot be decay;
6. Its Mass cannot be converted into energy;
7. The lowest limit of its mass is about 10.9μg, and the upper limit is about 0.67*106kg, that means that its mass may be exceeded one kilogram!
8. Estimated mass of Higgs Particle is about 16 orders of magnitude smaller than lower limit of Mass of God Particle at least. So the mass of God Particle is substantially undervalued by mainstream physics
9. So Higgs particle is not God particle;
10. And so I believe that to find the God particle with LHC is an impossible mission, LHC efforts will be ended in failure, it is destined. I think that to find God Particle with colliders (such as LHC) is an extremely extravagant wrong way.
How to find God Particle?
Based on my bran-new thread, I design several kinds of very simple and very cheap physical experimental methods to find the God particle, to make a small black hole and to create new unknown stable material particles without using any accelerator or collider such as LHC.
Maybe to find God Particle is not a hard mission for me?
Revolution in Physics will soon arrival, believe me.
What is God Particle? According my fresh thought:
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this1. It is a naked singularity of mass or the smallest black hole in the Universe;
2. It has huge naked mass, gravitation and inertia;
3. It is not a material particle;
4. It is not in the Standard Model of elementary particles;
5. It is an Ultimate Particle, cannot be decay;
6. Its Mass cannot be converted into energy;
7. The lowest limit of its mass is about 10.9μg, and the upper limit is about 0.67*106kg, that means that its mass may be exceeded one kilogram!
8. Estimated mass of Higgs Particle is about 16 orders of magnitude smaller than lower limit of Mass of God Particle at least. So the mass of God Particle is substantially undervalued by mainstream physics
9. So Higgs particle is not God particle;
10. And so I believe that to find the God particle with LHC is an impossible mission, LHC efforts will be ended in failure, it is destined. I think that to find God Particle with colliders (such as LHC) is an extremely extravagant wrong way.
How to find God Particle?
Based on my bran-new thread, I design several kinds of very simple and very cheap physical experimental methods to find the God particle, to make a small black hole and to create new unknown stable material particles without using any accelerator or collider such as LHC.
Maybe to find God Particle is not a hard mission for me?
Revolution in Physics will soon arrival, believe me.
A black hole seems to vary with the needs of the theorist.
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thisA black hole is getting to be like a basic lie in a criminal case that keeps getting more and more complicated as questions arise, but the ingenious perpetrator keeps finding new aspects to keep up the pretense.
In the Dynamic Ether it is a hole like going down the drain --- sorry Suskind (the plumber)
Higgs boson particle is not the ultimate particle. Not the creator of the universe. This is a particle like other sub-atomic particles. We can find lot of particles, this will depend on the Math and the design of equipment. Actually, some bunch of photons coagulated and forms matter. Because, We know Einstein equation E = mc^2. If m converted to energy, then we can say, matter is made by photons. This is very simple. If it is possible to coagulate photons, we can form many particles. Number of photons changes means mass changes thus properties. So, we need to know the mass of a photon accurately. The scientists and investigators are trying to find the mass of it, but results are not tallying each other. Thus means we do not know the mass of a photon. I calculated the mass of photon and written in my book, Complete Unified Theory (page-424, 1998). This is single theory. With the help of this theory, it is possible to calculate the energy of all sub-atomic particles, mass of Higgs particle, the recent experimental results assumed by the CERN about 0.126 Tev. I find this value, but not sure that it is the mass of Higgs particle, though I am appreciating to all scientists and Dr. Higgs for finding the result. Because, 1.65 Tev may be the last charge energy which is interlinked to all sub-atomic particles. I find the mass of Curie particle as 1.65 Mev , till unknown to scientific world and it is related to all type of sub-atomic particles. I find maximum mass of the universe, sun, other stars, galaxies. This theory is applicable to all fields from particle to the universe. I calculate the structure of electron (its has 9 orbits), structure of EMR, after that I find the structure of a photon, black particle, quantum circulation of black hole, How a photon is acting in leaf of a plant, that internal mechanism is need to know. Actual fission reaction of uranium. Unknown weight of radioactive elements. Mass of elements up to 121. Mass of graviton. Master key of the Universe, energy radiate by the stars, galaxies etc, Unification Physics, Lot of things are there. This is single theory. My calculated results tallied with experimental results. You can get this book from :
Reply | Report Abuse | Link to thishttp://nationallibrary.gov.in/showdetails.php?id=13140
National Library,
Call No. E 530.142 D26
Author Das, Nirmalendu
Title Complete united theory / Nirmalendu Das
Imprint Guwahati : Boni Prakash, 1998
Physical Description 424 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.
Subject Grand unified theories (Nuclear physics)
ISBN No. 8.17643e+008
Nirmalendu Das