• An astonishing theory called the holographic principle holds that the universe
  
  
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1 Comments

1. 1. Noyes 08:32 AM 10/12/08

   Better too late than never. It is in this sense that I would like to make some comments which I think are very important to this even more important paper. I was intrigued by the extremely nice illustration on p. 44 which is entitled holographic spacetime. The inside of the sphere in this figure is a 5 dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. The outside is a 4-dimensional flat spacetime (hologram). This figure leads one to a slightly modified interpretation from which one could determine in fact drive the inverse electromagnetic fine structure constant 137. We recall that such theoretical derivation eluded theoretical physicists for the better part of the last century and until now or so I was led to believe. Looking at the inside of this sphere as shown in the figure to contain super string theory, then it is logical to assign the symmetry 496 of E8E8 to the interior or the total content of the sphere. The holographic boundary by contrast could be thought of as flat Klein modular curve with 336 isometries or degrees of freedom, what ever one wishes to call it. The holographic division consequently gives us a rather neat way of writing down the following symmetry balance equation. We have 496 representing everything. The 336 represents on the other hand the following ideas due to tHooft and Suskind gluon states from which one will retrieve later on all particle physics except the weak forces. These are given by SU2. This gives us an extra three dimensions which when added to the 339 we find 339. As for gravity represented in the figure by a black hole, we could consider the 20 independent component of Einsteins Riemann tensor to play the same role of the elementary particles. Subtracting 339 from 496 we are left with 157. When taking out Einsteins 20, we are left with the only fundamental interaction remaining which is 137 for electromagnetism. I would be very glad if I were to be the first one to do this calculation. However, or should I say unfortunately, this calculation was published in the Proceedings of the American Inst. of Physics: AIP Conferences, vol. 905 (2007), p. 62. The paper is entitled Deterministic quantum mechanics versus classical mechanical indeterminism and nonlinear dynamics. This paper was essentially republished in an improved form illustrated by very similar figures as those found in Scientific American and maybe found on Elseviers Science Direct. I found an extended version of this paper in a second American Inst. of Physics Conference Proceedings, No. 1018 (2008). The paper this time was entitled Average exceptional Lie group hierarchy and high energy physics, p. 15-20. The Author is M.S. El Naschie. I would be very interested to know the views of Prof. Bekenstein on this paper and whether or not he regards it as a concrete application of the holographic principle leading to a profound result, namely the first determination of the electromagnetic fine structure constant from first principles and a general theory, namely that of super strings in conjunction with the holographic principles.

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