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From the August 2008 Scientific American Mind | 7 comments

Minding Mistakes: How the Brain Monitors Errors and Learns from Goofs ( Preview )

Brain scientists have identified nerve cells that monitor performance, detect errors and govern the ability to learn from misfortunes

By Markus Ullsperger   

 
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Key Concepts

  • The brain contains neural machinery for recognizing errors, correcting them, and optimizing behavior.
  • The neurotransmitter dopamine plays a major role in our ability to learn from our mistakes. Genetic variants that affect dopamine signaling may partly explain differences between people in the extent to which they learn from errors or negative consequences.
  • Certain patterns of cerebral activity often foreshadow errors, opening up the possibility of preventing blunders with portable devices that can detect error-prone brain states.

April 26, 1986: During routine testing, reactor number 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explodes, triggering the worst catastrophe in the history of the civilian use of nuclear energy.

September 22, 2006: On a trial run, experimental maglev train Transrapid 08 plows into a maintenance vehicle at 125 mph near Lathen, Germany, spewing wreckage over hundreds of yards, killing 23 passengers and severely injuring 10 others.

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