Americans are becoming more miserable, and lack of health insurance is one reason why, according to a survey by the University of Chicago's National Opinion Research Center. The center interviewed 1,340 Americans for a report entitled "Troubles in America: A Study of Negative Life Events across Time and Sub-Groups," as part of its semiannual General Social Survey. Subjects were asked whether they had experienced trouble in any of 58 categories within eight domains such as health, work and finances. Participants could also volunteer woes that did not fit into the questionnaire.

Overall, difficulty has increased since 1991, when the last misery index was calculated: 92 percent of respondents reported at least one major problem, up from 88 percent. Significantly, 17.9 percent lacked health insurance, up from 11.8 percent. "There's a ripple effect," says Tom W. Smith, director of the survey. Without health insurance, he explains, getting sick can lead to other discouraging consequences, including loss of a job.

This article was originally published with the title Misery Index Up.

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