Editor's note: The following is an excerpt from the chapter "Equal to Anything!" from the new book Stephen Hawking: An Unfettered Mind (Palgrave Macmillan, 2012), by Kitty Ferguson.
 

When Stephen Hawking was twelve years old, two of his schoolmates made a bet about his future. John McClenahan bet that Stephen "would never come to anything"; Basil King, that he would "turn out to be unusually capable." The stake was a bag of candy. Young S. W. Hawking was no prodigy. Some reports claim he was brilliant in a haphazard way, but Hawking remembers that he was just another ordinary English schoolboy, slow learning to read, his handwriting the despair of his teachers. He ranked no more than halfway up in his school class, though he now says, in his defense, "It was a very bright class." Maybe someone might have predicted a career in science or engineering from the fact that Stephen was intensely interested in learning the secrets of how things such as clocks and radios work. He took them apart to find out, but he could seldom reassemble them. Stephen was never well-coordinated physically, not keen on sports or other physical activities, and almost always the last to be chosen for any sports team. John McClenahan had good reason to think he would win the wager.

Basil King probably was just being a loyal friend or liked betting on long shots. Maybe he did see things about Stephen that teachers, parents and Stephen himself couldn't see. He hasn't claimed his bag of sweets, but it's time he does. Because Stephen Hawking, after such an unexceptional beginning, is now one of the intellectual giants of our modern world—and among its most heroic figures. How such transformations happen is a mystery that biographical details alone cannot explain. Hawking would have it that he is still "just a child who has never grown up. I still keep asking these how and why questions. Occasionally I find an answer."

1942–1959
Stephen William Hawking was born during the Second World War, on January 8, 1942, in Oxford. It was a winter of discouragement and fear, not a happy time to be born. Hawking likes to recall that his birth was exactly three hundred years after the death of Galileo, who is called the father of modern science. But few people in January 1942 were thinking about Galileo.

Stephen's parents, Frank and Isobel Hawking, were not wealthy. Frank's very prosperous Yorkshire grandfather had over-extended himself buying farm land and then gone bankrupt in the great agricultural depression of the early twentieth century. His resilient wife, Frank's grandmother and Stephen's great-grandmother, saved the family from complete ruin by opening a school in their home. Her ability and willingness to take this unusual step are evidence that reading and education must already have been a high priority in the family.

Isobel, Stephen's mother, was the second oldest of seven children. Her father was a family doctor in Glasgow. When Isobel was twelve, they moved to Devon.

It wasn't easy for either family to scrape together money to send a child to Oxford, but in both cases they did. Taking on a financial burden of this magnitude was especially unusual in the case of Isobel's parents, for few women went to university in the 1930s. Though Oxford had been admitting female students since 1878, it was only in 1920 that the university had begun granting degrees to women. Isobel's studies ranged over an unusually wide curriculum in a university where students tended to be much more specialized than in an American liberal arts college or university. She studied economics, politics and philosophy.

Stephen's father Frank was a meticulous, determined young man who kept a journal every day from the age of fourteen and would continue it all his life. He was at Oxford earlier than Isobel, studying medical science with a specialty in tropical medicine. When the Second World War broke out he was in East Africa doing field research, and he intrepidly found his way overland to take ship for England and volunteer for military service. He was assigned instead to medical research.

4 Comments

1. 1. blue7053 05:53 PM 1/6/12

   "Because Stephen Hawking, after such an unexceptional beginning, is now one of the intellectual giants of our modern world—and among its most heroic figures. How such transformations happen is a mystery that biographical details alone cannot explain."
   
   Statements such as this, cause me to kick things!
   
   These 'transformations' have been known, certainly, since Sir Isaac Newton (He was one of the first to describe it) and the evidence for the 'transformation' is there in every autobiography I've ever read 'of those with the ability'.

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2. 2. nirmalgopa 08:29 PM 1/13/12

   To, Dr. Stephen Hawkin.
   I am wishing him long life after 70. Here I want to say that, 1+1 =2, but only 1 means you & I. together both, gives birth to other or create some thing by words, by mutual understanding etc. in the case of materialistic world, there is some relation between each other. I explain all in my book Complete Unified Theory (page- 424, 1998). Even, all subatomic particles are inter related. I find the mass of Curie particle which is related to all particles, Higgs, quark, proton, neutron, electron etc. I find the mass of Higgs particle ( page-242), to find this, it requires 1.65 Tev. Lot of thinks are there. This is single theory and applicable from the particles to the universe in all fields. ----- Nirmalendu Das, Email : nirmalgopa@gmail.com , Dated: 14-01-2012.

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3. 3. ntn152207 11:18 PM 1/16/12

   Long life wishes...

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4. 4. nirmalgopa 12:04 PM 7/9/12

   Higgs Boson particle is not only the creator of the universe.Photon is the source of all in the universe. At first it need to know the accurate mass of a photon, then photon will explain the truth of the universe. From the view of that we can say photon is real god particle, not Higgs Boson. I explain it in my book Complete Unified Theory. This single theory can explain the birth of all type of particles, stars, galaxies thus the universe. So, scientists need to think again on the real truth of creation of the universe. Actually we are doing math and accordingly we making equipment, this idea tells us that we are applier, but we do not know from the view of particle. So, we are plying dolls which we like. It can not be, not can run long time. Which type of force we applying, accordingly few bunch of photons combining and producing energy and forming particles. This fact not coming from the particle view, it is from our mathematical effect. In this way we can find lot of particles and we cannot reach to the creator that in what way the universe created. I classify and proof it through complete unified theory.
   Nirmalendu Das, Email : nirmalgopa@gmail.com , Dated: 09-07-2012.

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