60-Second Mind

The Blind Use the Visual Cortex to Process Sound

Recent research has confirmed that in blind subjects who use echolocation to navigate, it is the visual part of the brain that processes the auditory echoes. Christie Nicholson reports














Share on Tumblr

Listen to this Podcast

 

Some bats with poor eyesight depend on echolocation to navigate. They emit squeaks and gauge their environment based on the echo returned. Dolphins and shrews use it, too. And humans.

A few blind people have mastered echolocation in order to sense their surroundings. One famous example, Ben Underwood—who lost his sight when he was two—could skateboard, run, even play basketball by clicking his tongue rapidly.

And now scientists have learned that the area of the brain that processes the echoes is not the region for hearing—it’s actually the visual cortex. The research is in the journal Public Library of Science ONE.

Two blind subjects used clicks and their echoes to distinguish objects like a car, tree or flagpole. Researchers made recordings of the echoes with tiny microphones placed inside subjects’ ears. Then they studied the subjects’ brain activity while they played back the recordings.

The subjects were not only able to tell which objects matched which echo pattern, but the brain tracking revealed the visual cortex activity when the subjects heard the echoed clicks. Sighted subjects showed no such activity. And once again we learn that the brain is far more flexible than it thought.

—Christie Nicholson

 


6 Comments

Add Comment
View
  1. 1. Greg 08:32 PM 5/28/11

    Yeah... I think I saw something about this on the radio.

    Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
  2. 2. Greg 08:32 PM 5/28/11

    Yeah... I think I saw something about this on the radio.

    Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
  3. 3. jtdwyer in reply to Greg 10:24 PM 5/28/11

    Yeah, I didn't see that coming!

    Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
  4. 4. zstansfi 03:31 AM 5/30/11

    "the area of the brain that processes the echoes is not the region for hearing—it’s actually the visual cortex"

    It's hard to know without looking at the study, but I suspect that auditory cortex is also recruited for this task. If this is the case, I wonder if we would see increased connectivity between auditory and visual cortices in these subjects? I'm not too familiar with DTI, but if this technique were suitable for such measurements it could make for an interesting follow-up study.

    Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
  5. 5. telepathico 01:00 PM 6/5/11

    I can exchange voice, video, smell, people can move small move muscles on my body from distance and much more
    and all messages from me are transmitted to big number of people so I am a Mental Radio.
    I never found any document about any other existing person in human history like myself, but
    science never did serious research on me and I actually did not exist in world of science.
    I could easy give evidence for telepathy.Maybe some of Neurologist or scientist
    could help me or is maybe interesting to make research on my phenomena.

    Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
  6. 6. bucketofsquid in reply to telepathico 05:07 PM 6/13/11

    I believe what you are describing is the art of being delusional.

    Reply | Report Abuse | Link to this
Leave this field empty

Add a Comment

You must sign in or register as a ScientificAmerican.com member to submit a comment.
Click one of the buttons below to register using an existing Social Account.

More from Scientific American

See what we're tweeting about

Scientific American Editors

More »

Free Newsletters


Get the best from Scientific American in your inbox

  SA Digital

Latest from SA Blog Network

  SA Digital

Email this Article

The Blind Use the Visual Cortex to Process Sound

X
Scientific American Mind

Subscribe Today

Save 66% off the cover price and get a free gift!

Learn More >>

X

Please Log In

Forgot: Password

X

Account Linking

Welcome, . Do you have an existing ScientificAmerican.com account?

Yes, please link my existing account with for quick, secure access.



Forgot Password?

No, I would like to create a new account with my profile information.

Create Account
X

Report Abuse

Are you sure?

X

Institutional Access

It has been identified that the institution you are trying to access this article from has institutional site license access to Scientific American on nature.com. To access this article in its entirety through site license access, click below.

Site license access
X

Error

X

Share this Article

X