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Wild Green Yonder: Flying the Environmentally Friendly Skies on Alternative Fuels

From liquid coal to biofuels, military and commercial aviators are searching for domestically sourced, cost-effective and clean alternatives to petroleum-derived jet fuel

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Coal-Fueled C-17
thumb: Coal-Fueled C-17
Coal-Fueled C-17 The C-17 transport plane pictured here is the first to fly across the continental United States on a blend of regular jet fuel and chemically processed coal jet fuel. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF U.S. AIR FORCE
Cleaner Bomber
thumb: Cleaner Bomber
Cleaner Bomber The B-52 bomber has become the first airplane to be fully certified to fly with Fischer-Tropsch synthetic fuels, which burn more cleanly than petroleum-derived jet fuel. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF U.S. AIR FORCE / STAFF SGT. MARK WOODBURY
Ethanol Airplane
thumb: Ethanol Airplane
Ethanol Airplane Ethanol can be used in piston-engine propeller planes, such as the Piper Pawnee pictured here—the first such aircraft to use the biofuel. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF MAX SCHAUCK
BioJet 1
thumb: BioJet 1
BioJet 1 An unmodified Czech fighter jet reached 17,000 feet (5,180 meters) on 100 percent biodiesel, thanks to fuel heaters that kept the former canola oil from gelling. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF RUDI WIEDEMANN
Soy Fuel
thumb: Soy Fuel
Soy Fuel Soybeans can produce as much as 60 gallons of vegetable oil per acre, but that's nowhere near enough to replace even a fraction of fuel use by jets. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF HONEYWELL
Green Fuel
thumb: Green Fuel
Green Fuel A Honeywell UOP technician holds a vial of the company's "green fuel"—a diesel equivalent that actually delivers more power and can be made from a variety of oils. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF HONEYWELL
Ground Test
thumb: Ground Test
Ground Test Boeing lab technician Tom Plank conducts fuel-stability tests to identify suitable biofuels that can substitute directly for existing petroleum-based jet fuel. [Link to this slide]
© BOEING CO.
Virgin Flight
thumb: Virgin Flight
Virgin Flight Early in 2008, Virgin Atlantic plans to become the first airline to test biofuels in one engine of a Boeing 747, like the one pictured here. [Link to this slide]
COURTESY OF VIRGIN ATLANTIC
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  1. 1. David B. Benson 01:43 AM 1/15/08

    Perhaps a bit friendlier, but certainly not good for the climate. (1) The fuel is still about 1/2 fossil. (2) Contrails are bad.

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  2. 2. dbiello 08:01 PM 1/15/08

    Very true Robert, as I note in the story. The key will be developing some kind of closed loop biorefinery system. But let's face it. The Air Force's goal is focused first and foremost on domestic sourcing and only secondarily on environmental benefit.

    And the airlines are just looking for cheap.

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  3. 3. Inventhp 07:12 PM 1/22/08

    If contrails are an issue, and I think they are. Perhaps we should also be concerned about passenger mile per lb of H2O in the jet's exhaust. Perhaps this synthetic fuel is better in that regard. If it is not then perhaps the synthetic fuel should be used at ground level and continue to use conventional fuel in the jets.

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  4. 4. biotele 08:33 PM 1/28/08

    Fly with hydrogen from Aluminum. The aluminum is regenerated by electricity:

    http://www.instructables.com/id/SODA-CAN-HYDROGEN-GENERATOR/

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  5. 5. sam dobermann 08:02 AM 2/25/08

    Bring back dirigibles filled with helium. The Hindenberg was luxury liner after all. They can be designed more aerodynamically aand given enough motor power to go pretty fast and much less energy use. And less noise. And less room for runways, etc.

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  6. 6. Thomas Boq 01:19 AM 4/11/09

    Tank water in the aircraft. Water does not burn. Water is the new fuel for the airlineindustry. Lead water through pipes to the engines. At the the jet engine before injection into jetstreamchamber where the air is compressed and hot, split before injection the water into hydrogen and oxygen. The inject the oxygen and water mix into hot compressed chamber of a jet engine. There it ignites and expand a lot like jet fuel. Water is a unlimited resource. It is cheap to exept in deserts by why not plan airports appropiate distance from waterresources. This way we could power any cars, busses, trains, ships, boats, bikes, aeroplanes.
    There is another solution too. That you ignite mixture of the oxygen and hydroxen without compressed air and let the expanded gas(water) thrust a jetturbine, use ax to transmit force.
    Third solution spilt water in engine let oxygen out, let hydrogen react with hot and compressed air in jetengine.

    The thing is to find a way to split water suffiently fast enought.
    The spaces ferries of NASA has engine-thrust from hydrogen.

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  7. 7. Timberati 04:39 PM 7/17/10

    "[Brazil] has weaned itself from foreign oil by embracing ethanol domestically produced from sugarcane."

    Sugar cane ethanol is a fraction of Brazil's oil independence (~12% of Brazil's energy needs), much more of the credit goes to Petrobras for becoming better at extracting and refining oil (~88%).

    Brazil produces the oil equivalent of about 300,000 barrels per day of sugar cane ethanol, and its total oil consumption (according to the Energy Information Administration) is 2,500,000 barrels per day. Petrobras produces about 2,400,000 barrels per day of oil. In other words, 88% of Brazil's energy needs come from oil.

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