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Cold Faithful

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Ice geysers off the south pole of Saturn's moon Enceladus potentially hint at an underground ocean. In three flybys, the Cassini space probe detected a plume of ice and dust shooting thousands of kilometers high above the cracked, buckling crust. Most of the plume falls back down as snow to gild plains already littered with house-size ice boulders. The rest escapes the moon's gravity apparently to later make up Saturn's blue outermost E ring, some 300,000 kilometers wide. Like Yellowstone's Old Faithful, Enceladus's geysers are powered largely by deep-down heat, researchers believe. The heat within the moon that must be setting off the geysers may result from shifting, glacierlike tectonic plates and tidal forces. Such movement suggests that a liquid ocean might lie 10 meters or less below the icy surface. It might even be capable of supporting life, scientists speculate in the March 10 Science.

Charles Q. Choi is a frequent contributor to Scientific American. His work has also appeared in The New York Times, Science, Nature, Wired, and LiveScience, among others. In his spare time, he has traveled to all seven continents.

More by Charles Q. Choi
Scientific American Magazine Vol 294 Issue 5This article was published with the title “Cold Faithful” in Scientific American Magazine Vol. 294 No. 5 (), p. 29
doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0506-29b

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