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Coral Reefs Are Struggling, but There Is Some Good News

Graphics show how reefs around the globe are faring

Graphic shows how ratios of healthy to algae-colonized coral have changed in reefs around the world from 1990 to 2020.

Katie Peek

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The United Nations recently released a sweeping report on the health of the planet’s coral. Healthy reef cover—where squishy polyps and colorful algae coat the white skeletons of hard coral—has dropped 14 percent in the past decade. Coastal development, ocean plastic pollution and overfishing all take their toll, allowing destructive algae to proliferate.

But warming oceans, which bleach coral, are the biggest threat to reefs worldwide. The all too familiar story has a few bright spots, however. Coral rebounded after major bleaching events in 1998 and 2005, showing recovery is possible. And the most biodiverse coral in the world—the so-called Coral Triangle in the western Pacific Ocean—is holding its ground.

Credit: Katie Peek; Sources: “Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2020,” by ICRI, GCRMN, Australia Institute of Marine Science and UNEP; NOAA (sea-surface temperature data)

Katie Peek is a science journalist and data-visualization designer with degrees in astrophysics and journalism. She is a contributing artist for Scientific American.

More by Katie Peek
Scientific American Magazine Vol 326 Issue 5This article was published with the title “A Checkup on the World's Coral Reefs” in Scientific American Magazine Vol. 326 No. 5 (), p. 92
doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0522-92

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