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The object of this improvement is to save powder in blasting.this is accomplished by charge in such a manner as to get all the explosive power of the powder,much of which is lost in the common ways of charing happens that inventors are considerably in advance of public opinion in bringing out certain great improvements. Such, in fact, is the history of nearly all the most valuable inventions of the present day. Take, for example, the Nicolson Wood Pavement. The patent for this invention was origi, nally granted on 8th of August, 1854, and through the Scientific American Patent Agency an extension of the patent was secured for seven years. During the first term of the patent very little if anything was made out of it. A ride, through the streets, of New York at the present time would convince the most skeptical that the Nicolson extended pa,tJ;lt was likely to prove valuable to its owners. The wide gage, says the American Railway Times, is a fail, ure every way, and if the Erie managers will do away with it throughout their lineand by so doing they necessitate the ad°ption °f the common gage on the Atlantic and Great West- ern, and the Ohio and Mississippithey will deserve to be forgiven for some of their numerous offenses. All experienCo here and in other countries, proves the wide gage to be a great mistake, financially aild mechanically. By all means. let us have a, tlpiform. gage from the Atlantic to the Pacific. © 1869 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC. ing. This is accomplished by arranging the charge in 'such a maimer as to get all the explosive power of the powder, much of which .is lo.st in the common way of charging. Improved Shelving for Stores, Public Libraries, Etc. We might.have appropriately headed this article “ Mechanical Insurance,” as it provides means whereby valuable stocks
