New Fossils Reveal Older Human Ancestor

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Scientists working 150 miles northeast of Nairobi in Kenya¿s Baringo district have discovered the remains of what may be the earliest human ancestor known. At a news conference yesterday, the team reported that the bones date to at least six millions years ago, which makes them more than 1.5 million years older than Ethiopian fossils previously held to represent the earliest hominid. The French and Kenyan researchers found the first remains of the new hominid, nicknamed Millennium Man, in late October. Since then they have unearthed bones belonging to at least five individuals. "Not only is this find older than any else previously known," team member Martin Pickford of the College of France said, according to a Reuters report, "it is also in a more advanced stage of evolution." Among the new hominid¿s advanced features are its upper leg bones, which suggest that the chimpanzee-sized Millennium Man walked upright, and its dentition: its small canines and large molars are similar to the modern condition. Exactly how this proto-human relates to other ancient members of the hominid family, however, remains to be seen. For now the team plans to publish its initial findings, and push ahead with excavation. "I am sure there is still a lot more out there," Pickford said, "possibly even older."

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor for features at Scientific American, where she has focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for nearly 30 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home to the shores of Kenya’s Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, as well as to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and a “Big Day” race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Wong is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy’s Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow her on Bluesky @katewong.bsky.social

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