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United States Circuit Court.--District of New Hampshire. MONCE vs. WOODWARD.--PATENT GLASS CUTTER. Clark, J.: Letters patent No. 91,150 to S. G. Mouce, June 8, 1869, for tool for cutting glass, declared invalid in view of testimony establishing the fact that similar tools had been made and used before the invention thereof by Monce. This patent was for the rotary disk glass cutter--a steel cutting wheel set in the end of a handle. Supreme Court of the United States. CROUCn, APPELLANT, M. ROEMER.--PATENT SHAWL DANDLE AND STRAPS. Shawl straps with handles attached to a leather cross-piece having loops at the ends being old, it is no invention to stiffen by artificial means the leather cross-piece, which had before been made as rigid as it could be by thickness, doubling, and stitching. The use of known equivalents for some of the elements of former structures, to make them somewhat better, is not invention. Appeal from the Circuit Court of the United States for the* District of New Jersey. Mr. Chief Justice Waite delivered the opinion of the court. United States Circuit Court.--Southern District of New York. WARING, JR. VS. JOHNSON.--PATENT CHECK BOOK. Blatchford, J. : 1. Reissue of letters patent No. 8,199, granted to G. Waring, Jr., April 23, 1878, held to be valid. 2. Where an invention is claimed as the "combination, in a check book, of checks and stub-pieces of substantially the same size, so united that two checks lie between every two stub-pieces, substantially as specified and set forth," it is immaterial, in view of the state of the art, whether the defendant's book has the line of perforation between the check and the stub leaf at the top or bottom of the stub leaf or at the leaf end of the check. 3. It will not invalidate the reissue that the claim is broader than the claim of the original patent, provided that it is " for the same invention " shown and described in the specification and drawings. William Eiinis. William Ennis, inventor, of Troy, New York, died at sea, March 29, in his fifty-ninth year. Like so many of our persistent and successful inventors, Mr. Ennis acquired the knowledge utilized in his inventions by actual experience and personal study and investigations, his opportunity for early schooling having been but the slightest. Most of his inventions were improvements in furnaces and related apparatus for domestic and manufacturing purposes. For many years he was engaged in the manufacture of hot air furnaces. He invented the duplex heating furnace, and took out a number of patents for improvements in metallurgical processes. His later work was in connection with an apparatus for economizing fuel, and the sea voyage which ended his life was undertaken to make the necessary preparations for the application of his invention to the steamship Richmond, of the Old Dominion Line. PHENOMENA OP OPTICS AND OP VISION.--M. TREVE.-- The author mentions the fact that the flame of a lam]) appears brighter, and that a vertical shaft, a post, or mast is seen more distinctly through a vertical than through a horizontal slit, while a house, a landscape, or the disk of the sun or moon is perceived more clearly through a horizontal slit. He finds similar differences in photographs according as the light passes from the object to the plate through a vertical or a horizontal slit, and ascribes the results to the action of diffused light.
