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PARIS, October 8, 1889. An emery grinding machine constructed by Messrs. Aut Fetu Deflze Co., of Liege, Belgium, and exhibited in the Palais des Machins, calls for particular notice as the first of its kind I have yet seen. It is designed for grinding out circular curves of a large radius, and is shown with the link of a locomotive running gear chucked ready to be ground. The most important part of the construction is shown in Fig. 1, in which a is a slider on the slide-way, b, and capable of being locked in its adjusted position thereon. It carries a stud, e, which forms a pivot for the two arms, d d, which are hollow, so that 'the arms, e e, may pass up them, the set screws,//; locki- .- e e in their adjusted positions in d d. The rods, h h, are simply continuations of rods, e e, with the adjusting nuts, g g, between them ; i and j are boxes in which the work, k, is chucked by means of set screws placed at the backs of i and j respectively. These rods, it will be noted, form in connection with the work a frame which may be vibrated on the pivot, ?. To effect this vibration a revolving plate, q, is jmployed, having a slot, p, for the stud, o, which flrives the rods, n I. there being a length-adjusting nut, pn,, between them corresponding to those at g g. These huts have in their ends a right and left hand thread respectively, the rod ends being threaded to correspond, so that by revolving the nut the rod length is Utered. It is obvious that as the plate, q, revolves, the tvork is swung backward and forward in an arc of a iircle of which c is the center. The emery wheel, or, >sore properly, perhaps, emery arbor, s, revolves at kigh speed, and is given at the eame time an end motion so as to cause it to remain parallel and not wear taper. This end motion is produced by a cylindrical cam placed on the back end of the emery arbor. The operation of setting the work in the machine is as follows : The work being fastened by the before-mentioned set screws in i andy, the slide, a, is set to about the right height and the length of arms, e h, roughly adjusted. The exact adjustment is then made by operating the adjusting nuts, g, and the right length of vibratory stroke is obtained by adjusting the position of the pin, o, in the slot, q. It is obvious that in setting the work the old wearing marks may be taken as a guide, or with the work placed central, as in the figure, a spirit level may be used, setting it central in the length of the slot in the link, k. This is undoubtedly a simple and very useful machine, since it enables the links to be trued up without softening them, and thus not only saves the processes of softening and rehardening, but also avoids the warping that accompanies the rehardening, and, therefore, makes a more true and parallel job. It may finally be pointed out that the feed should be put on at such an end of the work that the emery wheel runs against the cut; or otherwise there will be a tendency for the wheel to run over the cut too fast or the work to run under the wheel, causing a jamming and unsteady motion. It follows from this that the feed for the top surface, , must be in the opposite direction to that of the bottom surface, r. It is obvious that with the live spindle speed sufficiently reduced by means of a suitable arrangement of gearing, the machine could be used for milling purposes, also a milling cutter being.used in place of the emery arbor. The keyway cutting machines on exhibition are entirely different from those in use in the United States. Nor do I find any of the large lathes furnished with means to cut the keyways in the latter without un-chuckingthem after they are turned, as is done in the Ames lathes in the United States, and which I have found an excellent arrangement. I came across a keyway cutting bar, however, that is riot a bad thing in its way, the construction being shown in Fig. 2, in which A is the body of the bar, B the tool, D feed spindle, having on it a pinion to operate bevel gear, 0, and a milled head, E, to put on the feed by. The tool, B, is threaded into the bevel gear, C, but has its sides flattened, and fits into a square hole in the bar, A, so that it cannot turn therein. P. Hure, of Paris (the exhibitor), makes a special keyway cutting machine in which this bar is used, and also shows its application to a shaping, as in Fig. 3, and to a planing machine, as in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3 it is merely bolted to the ram, the wheel to be operated on being chucked on an angle plate. The end of the bar is shown (at P) to be graduated on a circle, from 0 to 9, to guide the operator in putting on the cut. It will be noted that the cutting action of the tool occurs during the back or return stroke of the ram of the machine. This, of course, stiffens the bar, as it is placed under tension while cutting. In Fig. 4 thebar is shown bolted to the table of a planing machine, a plate whereon to chuck the wheel to be keyseated being bolted on to the end of the planing machine bed. Small shops having no slotting machine or keyseating machine (and few small shops have) will-find this device quite a boon. In the exhibit of the Societe Daudoy-Maillard, Lucq Co. there are some bench and pillar drilling ma chines with a novel work chucking table, shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the former showing it as applied to a hand and the latter to a power drilling machine. The I work table, A A, is made in two halves, the joint faces having a steel gripping face. A right and left hand screw, B, operates the two halves to grip and release the work. Both halves of the table will swivel to grip taper work as shown in Fig. 6. As applied in Fig. 5, the frame, C, merely pulls in and out from the frame, E, of the machine ; but in Fig. 6, which is for heavier work, a rack and pinion moves C, being operated by the hand wheel, D. It is obvious that when the two halve-s of the table are closed, they constitute an ordinary table whereon work may be chucked as usual. On a 16 inch swing lathe I find the dead center gripping device shown in Fig. 7, there beingaslot through the tail stock at A, so that the top piece from A to B shall grip the spindle, C, parallel, while on the smaller tail stock, shown in Fig. 8, the locking bolt is in front, and a split runs from end to end of the spindle casing or bearing, so that the spindle is gripped along the whole upper surface of the bearing, which is only practicable on very light tail stocks. I have not seen any lathes in which the dead spindle is locked at both ends, as it is in the Sellers lathe, but I have seen some whose bolt for locking the tail stock to the bed was made on the principle of that patented in the United States by S. W. Putnam, of Fitchburg, Mass. One cannot but notice the hold the gap lathe has in European practice, indeed, the great majority of small lathes are made on that principle. One such a lathe may be all very well in a shop, but looking to the fact that the geater part of the work done on a lathe is done at the head stock end of the bed, it is a good deal like spoiling a good lathe to break away the bed there. JOSHUA ROSE. The methods of Success. There is no modern notion that more completely strikes at the root of wholesome sentiment and of national and individual prosperity than the idea that many young persons are growing up with, that industry, especially manual industry, is not quite respectable. Whether idleness takes the form of lounging and street gossip that begets all kinds of vices, or of dreamy sentimentalism that wastes life in vague fancies, or the busy idleness that occupies itself in attending to other people's business, all is pernicious in its effects as it is culpable in character. The want of method and habit in early life is answerable for many evils to manhood. The youth accustomed to regular and industrious employment will seldom lose such habit in after life, while those who have been suffered to pass a desultory childhood will require extra fortitude and strength of character to become persevering, energetic, and industrious in after life. A determination of character, a firmness of principle, which tries to do that which is right instead of that which is.temporarily agreeable is the great safeguard against evil. Impulsive exertions may sometimes produce magnificent deeds; but without methodical and steady resolutions, without system and habit and strength of will, but little permanent good or usefulness is ever accomplished. It is only in the cultivation and improvement of our faculties that we can properly enjoy any of them. The large number of instances show the vice of idleness to be the result of luxurious habits, which break down the native energy of character. The person who regards momentary gratification as the chief good will soon lose the vigor and enterprise necessary to undertake and the perseverance to carry through any scheme requiring industry and self-command. Some, from a paucity of ideas, lack enterprise and become torpid, being unable to see the utility of proper undertaking; while others, overwhelmed with a vast conception of what is to be done, sit down in the inaction of despair. Others begin with earnestness and hope, but, lacking perseverance, are intimidated by the first difficulty, and accomplish nothing because they have not the courage to face obstacles. Still others waste their energies in trying to keep others from succeeding, and have none left with which to secure their own success.St. Louis Miller. Iced Kish Dangerous. According to Mr. J. Lawrence-Hamilton, M.R.C.S., in the Lancet, ice spoils the freshness, firmness, and flavor of fish by rendering it, prior to putrefaction, in sipid, soft, and flabby. Experience seems to show that the gravest cases of fish poisoning arise more commonly from eating fish which has been kept on ice than from eating fish kept naturally cool. Where fish is preserved on ice it appears thut the ice only favors putrefaction by furnishing a constant supply of moisture carrying with it the putrefactive bacteria derived from its fou and filthy surroundings, so that this iced fish remains covered with fresh solutions of filth pregnant with putrefactive bacteria. Thus large quantities of thost subtile, complex bodies, the animal alkaloids oi ptomaines, are probably elaborated, and give rise tc those marked symptoms of poisoning which sometimes occur from eating fish preserved on ice. On the othei hand, keeping fish dry and cool can in no way favoi putrefaction. And although here cases of poisoning may happen, yet the symptoms are much less marked, and pass off sooner, the toxic effects being usually confined to a passing attack of vomiting and diarrhea, while in the case of fish preserved on ice the vomiting and diarrhea may be less marked, though the other symptoms may be much more profound and lasting, and even sometimes fatal. There are various poisons derivable from putrid fish, the detailed consideration of which requires much further elaboration, work, experiment, and research. Indeed, as upward of seventy different kinds of food fishes, within a few hours of their death, on being eaten, give rise to poisonous symptoms, the Russian government, in 1894, will award a prize of 5,000 rubles (say roughly 500) for the best essay upon the nature and cure of fish poisoning.
