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Scientific American

April 15, 2024

1 min read

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Alzheimer’s Impact on the Brain

The latest neuroscience tracks where the disease begins and how it progresses

Katie Peek

Colorful, pencil illustration of the brain

Jolygon/iStock

Scientific American Custom Media LogoDavos Alzheimer’s Collaborative logo

This article was produced in partnership with the Davos Alzheimer’s Collaborative by Scientific American Custom Media, a division separate from the magazine’s board of editors.

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Alzheimer’s disease impairs a patient by destroying neurons, which otherwise live for decades, and by disrupting communication among the remaining brain cells. As neurons die, the areas of the brain they constitute begin to atrophy. A detailed picture of the progression is still under investigation, and the disease follows different tracks in different patients, but researchers have found brains afflicted with Alzheimer’s typically atrophy along the same basic pattern. A better understanding of that pattern may provide the foundation for methods to diagnose the disease earlier, which in turn would give medication and lifestyle changes the best chance of slowing dementia. In broad strokes, here’s how Alzheimer’s tends to change a brain. 

Graphic depicting types of dementia via the brain in the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures

Katie Peek; brain: Jolygon/iStock

Graphic depicting regions of the brain most affected by Alzheimer's via the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures

Katie Peek; Alzheimer's progression illustrations: Joelle Bolt

This article is part of The New Age of Alzheimer’s, a special report on the advances fueling hope for ending this devastating disease.

Learn more here about the innovation ecosystem that Davos Alzheimer’s Collaborative is building to speed breakthroughs and end Alzheimer’s disease. Explore the transforming landscape of Alzheimer’s in this special report.

Katie Peek is a science journalist and data-visualization designer with degrees in astrophysics and journalism.

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