Scientific American Magazine Vol 233 Issue 6

Scientific American Magazine

Volume 233, Issue 6

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Features

The Strip-Mining of Western Coal

If the U.S. is to become self-sufficient in energy terms, it will have to take huge amounts of coal from the thick shallow deposits of the Western states. Can it be done without despoiling the land?

Genevieve Atwood

Colicins and the Energetics of Cell Membranes

The active transport of selected substances into the cell needs energy. Colicins, antibiotics made by bacteria, can stop active transport and can therefore be used to study how it is achieved

Salvador E. Luria

X Rays from Supernova Remnants

An exploding supernova hurls a shell of gas into the interstellar medium. In the region where the gas of the shell meets the gas of the medium, X rays are generated that yield information about both

Philip A. Charles, J. Leonard Culhane

The Arrow of Time

Why does time never go backward? The answer apparently lies not in the laws of nature, which hardly distinguish between past and future, but in the conditions prevailing in the early universe

David Layzer

What Happens to the Human Lens in Cataract

Senile cataract is caused by abnormal stress that is superimposed on the normal aging of the lens of the eye. Prevention will require more knowledge of the structure and metabolism of the human lens

Ruth van Heyningen

Sister-Exchange Marriage

Among the Koman peoples of Africa the bridegroom promises a sister to the family of the bride for marriage. The practice is an organic part of the economic, social and moral system

Wendy James

The Microstructure of Polymeric Materials

Future advances in the manufacture of synthetic polymers will depend not only on mastering their complex chemistry but also on finding new ways to control the arrangement of their molecules during processing

D. R. Uhlmann, A. G. Kolbeck

The Sand Wasps of Australia

Australian species of the genus Bembix are unexpectedly diverse. One reason appears to be that they have evolved to fill ecological niches that in other parts of the world are filled by other genera

Howard E. Evans, Robert W. Matthews

Departments

Letters to the Editors, December 1975

50 and 100 Years Ago, December 1975

The Authors, December 1975

Science and the Citizen, December 1975

Mathematical Games, December 1975

The Amateur Scientist, December 1975

Books, December 1975

Annual Index 1975

Bibliography, December 1975