Scientific American Magazine Vol 244 Issue 1

Scientific American Magazine

Volume 244, Issue 1

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Features

Toward a Rational Strategy for Oil Exploration

How much oil does the U.S. have left? Clues are yielded by computer simulation of the results of drilling for oil at random, but decisions on energy policy call for a thoroughgoing inventory of the resource

H. William Menard

Viroids

They are the smallest known agents of infectious disease: short strands of RNA. They cause several plant diseases and possibly are implicated in enigmatic diseases of man and other animals

T. O. Diener

The Total Artificial Heart

Mechanical substitutes for the natural heart are steadily getting better. In time they will be ready for human beings needing them, a development with social implications as well as medical ones

Robert K. Jarvik

The Andromeda Galaxy

The large spiral galaxy nearest our own, it has been a laboratory for the study of the evolution of stars and galaxies. Even today it presents puzzles; for example, how are its spiral arms arrayed?

Paul W. Hodge

The Wild Gene Resources of Wheat

Modern plant-breeding practices have reduced the genetic variability of the cultivated wheats. The best hope for future crop improvements lies in exploiting the abundant gene pool of the plant's wild relatives

Moshe Feldman, Ernest R. Sears

The Mind-Body Problem

Could calculating machines have pains, Martians have expectations and disembodied spirits have thoughts? The modern functionalist approach to psychology raises the logical possibility that they could

Jerry A. Fodor

Gels

They are mostly fluid, given form by a network of polymer strands. A balance of forces maintains this state of affairs; disturbing it infinitesimally can bring on a phase transition and collapse the gel

Toyoichi Tanaka

Two Paths to the Telephone

As Alexander Graham Bell was developing the telephone Elisha Gray was doing the same. Bell got the patent, but the episode is nonetheless an instructive example of simultaneous invention

David A. Hounshell

Departments

Letters to the Editors, January 1981

50 and 100 Years Ago: January 1981

The Authors, January 1981

Metamagical Themas, January 1981

Books, January 1981

Science and the Citizen, January 1981

The Amateur Scientist, January 1981

Bibliography, January 1981