Scientific American Magazine

Novel reactors have been designed for growing in culture large quantities of the fragile, complex cells that synthesize medically important proteins such as interferon and monoclonal antibodies

Locomotion on legs resists imitation, but modern control technology should be able to solve the problem. Experiments with machines that hop and crawl can also illuminate the mechanisms of natural walking

They are exquisitely sensitive transducers that in human beings mediate the senses of hearing and balance. A tiny force applied to the top of the cell produces an electrical signal at the bottom

Vertebrate animals have left their tracks in sediments ever since they first appeared on dry land 3 70 million years ago. Indeed, most of the known extinct species are known only from their footprints

The chemical reactions of metabolism have traditionally been studied one by one in the test tube. With nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) spectroscopy reactions can be followed as they occur in living tissue

The majestic sound of a pipe organ is created by the carefully phased interaction of a jet of air blowing across the mouth of each pipe and the column of air resonating inside the pipe

What accounts for the diffuse glow of X-radiation that appears to fill the universe uniformly in all directions? New findings suggest that one source may be a multitude of distant quasars

By 500 B. C. the Chinese had developed stack casting: a high technology in which multiple castings are made by pouring iron into multiple molds designed to be stackedone on top of another