Scientific American Magazine Vol 264 Issue 2

Scientific American Magazine

Volume 264, Issue 2

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Features

Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the AIDS Era

Gonorrhea, syphilis and other infections still exact a terrible toll. Social conditions help to fuel the new epidemics—and only a combination of social and health programs can defeat them

Sevgi O. Aral, King K. Holmes

The Number of Families of Matter

How experiments at CERN and SLAC, using electron-positron collisions, showed that there are only three families of fundamental particles in the universe

Gary J. Feldman, Jack Steinberger

The Physiology of Perception

The brain transforms sensory messages into conscious perceptions almost instantly. Chaotic, collective activity involving millions of neurons seems essential for such rapid recognition

Walter J. Freeman

X-ray Microscopes

Recent progress has yielded "soft" X-ray instruments whose resolution is 10 times better than that of optical microscopes. They offer a new way to observe minute structures and to perform chemical analysis

Malcolm R. Howells, Janos Kirz, David Sayre

The Echidna

This egg-laying mammal, also called the spiny anteater, has lived in relative obscurity in the Australian bush. Now secrets of its natural history and reproductive behavior are being explored

Peggy D. Rismiller, Roger S. Seymour

Computers and Architecture

Advanced modeling and rendering algorithms allow designers and clients to walk through buildings long before construction

Donald P. Greenberg

The Acoustics of the Harpsichord

A complex interplay of string, wood, air and the human ear produces the swirling sound of the harpsichord

Edward L. Kottick, Kenneth D. Marshall, Thomas J. Hendrickson

In the Beginning…

Scientists are having a hard time agreeing on when, where and—most important—how life first emerged on the earth

John Horgan

Departments

Errata

Letters to the Editors, February 1991

50 and 100 Years Ago: February 1991

Iraq's Nuclear Threat

The A Team

Postal Mortem

Disposable Astronomy

Charting a more cautious path to space

Hubble bags a great white

Superconducting transistors show their speed

Safe Bytes

Nuclear Numbers

Life in the Blood

Changing Mission

An acoustic sensor spies on insects

Hole or Doughnut

Reach Out

The Analytical Economist: Don't write off Marx

Mathematical Recreations, February 1991

Books, February 1991

Essay, February 1991