All That We Might Possibly Know

What if consciousness is not something special that the brain does but is instead a quality inherent to all matter?

Scientific American Mind, March 2020

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One of my advisers in graduate school used to say that what we humans know about the universe and our existence is a paltry fraction of all that is possible to know. I found this equally tantalizing and frustrating and, like so many other scientists, took comfort in the process of science: a way of thinking that helps you narrow down, through experimentation, observation and critical thinking, what is indeed known. But that nagging truth is still there—that we simply know a lot less than we can ever comprehend as a species. Some areas of research butt up against this reality more than others. In our cover story, journalist Gareth Cook speaks to philosopher Philip Goff on the nature of consciousness. It’s a quality that is not measurable by any scientific tool we possess, and so, for now, it lives in the realm of “unknowable.” Yet Goff is able to outline an alternative perspective on consciousness that may give us a different vantage point on our own experience (see “Does Consciousness Pervade the Universe?”).

Speaking of alternative perspectives, health editor Tanya Lewis details in this issue new research examining the therapeutic potential of psychedelics such as magic mushrooms (see “Giving Psychedelics the Serious Treatment”). And our columnist Scott Barry Kaufman takes an unflinching look at a growing pile of data showing stark personality differences between the sexes. Such differences have long been tiptoed around to avoid controversy (see “Taking Sex Differences in Personality Seriously”). Indeed, sometimes what we discover in science can make us uncomfortable. But overall, isn’t it better to know?

Andrea Gawrylewski is chief newsletter editor at Scientific American. She writes the daily Today in Science newsletter and oversees all other newsletters at the magazine. In addition, she manages all special editions and in the past was the editor for Scientific American Mind, Scientific American Space & Physics and Scientific American Health & Medicine. Gawrylewski got her start in journalism at the Scientist magazine, where she was a features writer and editor for "hot" research papers in the life sciences. She spent more than six years in educational publishing, editing books for higher education in biology, environmental science and nutrition. She holds a master's degree in earth science and a master's degree in journalism, both from Columbia University, home of the Pulitzer Prize.

More by Andrea Gawrylewski
SA Mind Vol 31 Issue 2This article was published with the title “All That We Might Possibly Know” in SA Mind Vol. 31 No. 2 (), p. 2
doi:10.1038/scientificamericanmind0320-2

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