New Issue: Science’s Impossible Questions. Read Now

Warfare in Wonderland

The new coronavirus raises questions about how pathogens evolve—and if we’re ready to face them

Join Our Community of Science Lovers!


On supporting science journalism

If you're enjoying this article, consider supporting our award-winning journalism by subscribing. By purchasing a subscription you are helping to ensure the future of impactful stories about the discoveries and ideas shaping our world today.


In Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass, the Red Queen tells Alice that “it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place.” This passage inspired the name of one of the principal concepts of evolution: in its broadest sense, the Red Queen hypothesis describes the evolutionary arms race between two species—say, predator and prey—who evolve side by side in response to each other, both vying for survival by adapting to the pressure of coexistence. In the past several weeks of covering the new global coronavirus outbreak, the Red Queen has certainly been running around my mind. Whenever a new virus emerges in the human species, scientists rush to quickly understand its unique structure and, hopefully, devise a vaccine to counteract, or at least contain, it. In this issue’s cover story, Simon Makin describes what researchers know so far about the structure of coronaviruses and what tools we may have to disable them (see “How Coronaviruses Cause Infection—from Colds to Deadly Pneumonia”). As case numbers pile up in this country and others, epidemiologists must work swiftly. As the queen says: “If you want to get somewhere else, you must run at least twice as fast.”

Elsewhere Nicole Wetsman reports on how social media offers doctors and researchers a new way to share their research findings (see “How Twitter Is Changing Medical Research”). And Heidi Ledford updates readers on the progress of clinical applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing complex, some of which are inching closer to real disease treatments (see “Quest to Use CRISPR against Disease Gains Ground”). Curiouser and curiouser.

Andrea Gawrylewski is chief newsletter editor at Scientific American. She writes the daily Today in Science newsletter and oversees all other newsletters at the magazine. In addition, she manages all special editions and in the past was the editor for Scientific American Mind, Scientific American Space & Physics and Scientific American Health & Medicine. Gawrylewski got her start in journalism at the Scientist magazine, where she was a features writer and editor for "hot" research papers in the life sciences. She spent more than six years in educational publishing, editing books for higher education in biology, environmental science and nutrition. She holds a master's degree in earth science and a master's degree in journalism, both from Columbia University, home of the Pulitzer Prize.

More by Andrea Gawrylewski
SA Health & Medicine Vol 2 Issue 2This article was published with the title “Warfare in Wonderland” in SA Health & Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 ()
doi:10.1038/scientificamerican042020-3vG0rLiSPLA4yTyMC9wqMH

Subscribe to Support Independent Journalism

Great science journalism requires human expertise, time, effort and creativity. And it costs money. That’s why I and the journalists here at Scientific American hope you’ll join our community.

When you subscribe, you are supporting staff and freelance journalists who are passionate about telling science stories that are true, important and compelling. Our editors and reporters are often experts in their fields, which means they understand the nuances of big discoveries and can untangle the breakthroughs from the hype. With a subscription, you are also supporting rigorous fact-checking to ensure the words we publish are precise and accurate. And you’re supporting original illustrations, graphics and photos that bring you closer to an advanced laboratory, an ice sheet in Antarctica or a space mission in orbit. You’re helping us craft other types of high-quality journalism as well: Our newsletters are carefully written, edited and curated by staffers you have or will come to know and love. Our Science Quickly podcast is based on original reporting, collaboration with editors and scientists and exacting production.

Subscriptions keep this engine running so we can continue to deliver thoughtful, rigorous and independent science journalism to you. In an era of viral misinformation, this work is crucial. If you value what we do, I hope you’ll consider joining us as a subscriber

Thank you,

Jeanna Bryner, Editor in Chief, Scientific American

Subscribe